ci: speed up test with matrix (#1830)

* add an action to install pnpm packages
* add an action to prepare build environment
* rewrite test workflow, using composite actions and matrix

.github/actions/prepare-build/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+name: prepare-build
+author: Luna
+description: Prepare build environment
+inputs:
+  web:
+    description: 'Whether to prepare the web build environment'
+    required: true
+    default: 'true'
+  gui:
+    description: 'Whether to prepare the GUI build environment'
+    required: true
+    default: 'true'
+  token:
+    description: 'GitHub token, used by setup-protoc action'
+    required: false
+runs:
+  using: 'composite'
+  steps:
+    - run: mkdir -p easytier-gui/dist
+      shell: bash
+
+    - name: Setup Frontend Environment
+      if: ${{ inputs.web == 'true' }}
+      uses: ./.github/actions/prepare-pnpm
+      with:
+        build_filter: './easytier-web/*'
+
+    - name: Install GUI dependencies (Used by clippy)
+      if: ${{ inputs.gui == 'true' }}
+      run: |
+        bash ./.github/workflows/install_gui_dep.sh
+      shell: bash
+
+    - name: Install Rust
+      run: |
+        bash ./.github/workflows/install_rust.sh
+      shell: bash
+
+    - name: Setup protoc
+      uses: arduino/setup-protoc@v3
+      with:
+        # GitHub repo token to use to avoid rate limiter
+        repo-token: ${{ inputs.token }}

.github/actions/prepare-pnpm/action.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: 'Setup pnpm'
+author: Luna
+description: 'Setup Node.js, pnpm, and install dependencies'
+
+inputs:
+  build_filter:
+    description: 'The filter argument for pnpm build (e.g. ./easytier-web/*)'
+    required: true
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - name: Setup Node.js
+      uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+      with:
+        node-version: 22
+
+    - name: Install pnpm
+      uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+      with:
+        version: 10
+        run_install: false
+
+    - name: Get pnpm store directory
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        echo "STORE_PATH=$(pnpm store path --silent)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+    - name: Setup pnpm cache
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
+      with:
+        path: ${{ env.STORE_PATH }}
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-pnpm-store-${{ hashFiles('**/pnpm-lock.yaml') }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ${{ runner.os }}-pnpm-store-
+
+    - name: Install and build
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        pnpm -r install
+        echo "Building with filter: ${{ inputs.build_filter }}"
+        pnpm -r --filter "${{ inputs.build_filter }}" build